Contaminants

Unlike municipal water supplies that are closely monitored and treated, well water is often unregulated and can contain various contaminants. 

Types of Contaminants

Different types of contaminants can be found in well water, which can range from naturally occurring minerals to chemicals created by humans. Some examples of these contaminants are as follows:

1. Bacteria and Viruses – Well water is susceptible to bacterial and viral contamination from various sources such as animal waste, agricultural runoff, or sewage.Exposure to these harmful substances may lead to the development of various ailments, including diarrhea, vomiting, and potentially severe infections.
2. Chemicals – Industrial waste, pesticides, and fertilizers are some of the common chemicals that can seep into well water. Drinking contaminated water and being exposed to these chemicals can have detrimental impacts on health, such as the development of cancer and reproductive problems.
3. Heavy Metals – Well water can also contain heavy metals like lead, arsenic, and mercury. These can enter the water through natural deposits or from human activities such as mining and manufacturing processes. Long-term ingestion of these metals can have harmful effects on the nervous system, kidneys, and other organs.
4. Radon – This radioactive gas can be found in well water that comes from underground rocks and soil. Being exposed to high levels of radon for an extended period can heighten the chances of developing lung cancer.
5. Nitrates – These are commonly found in agricultural areas where fertilizers are used. Excessive amounts of nitrates in the water we consume can lead to a condition known as methemoglobinemia, commonly referred to as “blue baby syndrome.” This ailment can be fatal for infants.

Effects on Health

The presence of contaminants in well water can have serious effects on our health, especially if consumed regularly over a long period of time. Some of the potential health effects include:

• Gastrointestinal issues like vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps
• Respiratory problems like bronchitis and asthma
• Skin irritation and rashes
• Kidney damage
• Reproductive issues
• Increased risk of certain types of cancer (e.g. lung, bladder, kidney)
• Developmental and neurological issues in children

It is important to note that the severity of health effects may vary depending on the type and level of contamination present in the water. Some individuals, such as pregnant women, young children, and elderly people, may also be more vulnerable to these contaminants.

Prevention and Treatment

The best way to prevent the negative health effects of contaminants in well water is to take proactive measures. Here are some steps you can take:

1. Regular Testing – It’s crucial to regularly test your well water for contaminants, especially if you live in an area with a history of contamination or if you have noticed changes in the taste, color, or smell of your water.
2. Proper Maintenance – Ensure that your well is properly constructed, sealed, and maintained to prevent any contaminant infiltration.
3. Avoid Chemicals Near Your Well – Be cautious of using pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers near your well, as they can seep into the ground and contaminate your water.
4. Install a Water Filtration System – A filtration system can effectively remove a wide range of contaminants from your well water, providing you with clean and safe drinking water.

If your well water has already been contaminated, there are several treatment options available depending on the type and level of contamination. Some common methods include:

• Chlorination – Adding chlorine to the water to kill bacteria and viruses.
• Distillation – Boiling the water and collecting the steam to remove impurities.
• Reverse Osmosis – Forcing water through a membrane that removes contaminants.
• Activated Carbon Filtration – Using carbon filters to absorb and trap contaminants.

It is important to consult with a professional before choosing a treatment method, as each option may be more effective for different types of contaminants. In some cases, multiple methods may need to be used to completely remove all contaminants.

Water Treatment Options

Combatting contaminants often requires a layered approach:

1. Filtration Systems: Effective for physical contaminants, and can also address some chemicals with activated carbon filters.
2. Water Softeners: Useful for treating hard water and certain metals.
3. UV Purification: Targets biological contaminants, rendering them harmless.
4. Reverse Osmosis: Highly effective against a broad range of contaminants, offering purified water.

The purity of well water is paramount not just for daily tasks but for the health and well-being of those who consume it. Recognizing potential intruders, understanding their implications, and taking proactive measures ensures that households can access safe, clean, and nourishing water right from the ground beneath them.

At Austin Drilling & Well Repair, we treat and test well water, providing families with reliable information and guidance about their water supply. With years of combined experience, our team can help you find the right treatment method for your specific needs. 

Call us to learn more!